Half-Plane Boundary Element Fundamental Solutions and Body Force

Document Type : Research Article

Authors

Department of Civil Engineering, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran

Abstract

Two-dimensional half-plane fundamental solutions have been developed by different researchers in the fields of electronics, mechanics, and geotechnics. However, for geotechnical purposes, their solutions are not complete. This paper discusses those previous solutions and details the mathematical procedures for obtaining a new and complete set of half-plane boundary element fundamental solutions. Initially, static equilibrium equations were written using Papkovitch functions and a proper Green’s function was presented for a two-dimensional half-plane space. Having applied the second Green’s identity, the stress-free condition for the ground surface has been satisfied in the displacement and traction fundamental solutions. These solutions can be applied in a meaningful way to problems with semi-infinite workspaces like those much seen in geophysics, geotechnical, and mining engineering because they do not need to discretize the distal boundaries of the model. After extracting half-plane fundamental solutions, the effects of the gravity force as body force and required functions for a half-plane boundary element analysis were extracted. The effectiveness and accuracy of the new solutions have been evaluated by implementing them in a boundary element computer code and solving several classic semi-infinite examples. Results showed that the new solutions are capable of accurately and economically modeling semi-infinite problems.

Keywords

Main Subjects


  1. J. Bathe, Finite Element Procedures, 1st Ed., PRENTICE HALL, New Jersey, 1996.
  2. j. LeVeque, Finite Difference Methods for Ordinary and Partial Differential Equations (steady-state and time-dependent problems), First ed., Society for Industrial Applied Mathematics (Siam). Philadelphia, 2007.
  3. G. Sitharam, I.V.V. Kumar, Non-linear analysis of geotechnical problems using coupled finite and infinite elements, Geotechnical and Geological Engineering 16 (1998) 129-149.
  4. A. Brebbia, J. Dominguez, Boundary Elements An Introductory Course, 2 ed., Mechanic Publication, Boston, 1992.
  5. T. Katsikadelis, Boundary Elements Theory and Applications, 1 ed., Elsevier, Boston, 2002.
  6. Panji, B. Ansari, Modeling pressure pipe embedded in two-layer soil by a half-plane BEM, Computers and Geotechnics, 81 (2017) 360-367.
  7. A. Brebbia, M.H. Aliabadi, Adaptive Finite and Boundary Element Methods, 1 ed., WIT Press, 1993.
  8. A. Brebbia, D. Nardini, Dynamic analysis in solid mechanics by an alternative boundary element procedure, Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 24(8) (2000) 513-518.
  9. Xiao, J.P. Carter, Boundary element analysis of anisotropic rock masses, Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 11 (1993) 293–303.
  10. Panji, M.J. Asgari, S.h. Tavousi-Tafreshi, Evaluation of effective parameters on the underground tunnel stability using BEM, Journal of Structural Engineering and Geo-Techniques, 1 (2011) 29–37.
  11. Panji, H. Koohsari, M. Adampira, H. Alielahi, M.J. Asgari, Analyzing stability of shallow tunnels subjected to eccentric loads by a BEM approach, Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 8 (2016) 480–488.
  12. Boussinesq, Applications des Potentiels a` l’e´tude de l’e´quilibre et du mouvement des solids e´lastiques, 1 ed., Gauthier-Villars, Paris, 1885.
  13. Cerutti, Ricerche intorno all’equilibrio dei elastici isotropi, Mem. Della. Acc. dei Lin, 13 (1882) 81–123.
  14. Melan, Der spannungszustand der durch eine einzelkraft in innern beanspruchten halbscheibe, Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 12 (1932) 343-346.
  15. C.F. Telles, C.A. Brebbia, Boundary element solution for half-plane problems, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 12 (1980) 1149–1158.
  16. W. Ye, T. Sawada, Some numerical properties of boundary element analysis using half-plane fundamental solutions in 2-d elastostatics, Computational Mechanics 4(1989) 161-164.
  17. C. Dumir, A.K. Mehta, Boundary element solution for elastic orthotropic half-plane problems, Computers & Structures 26 (1987) 431–438.
  18. Pan, C.S. Chen, B. Amadei, A B EM formulation for anisotropic half-plane problems, Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements, 20 (1997) 185-195.
  19. Pan, W. Chen, Static Green Functions in Anisotropic Media, 1st Ed., Cambridge University Press, London, 2015.
  20. Y. Dong, S.H. Lo, Boundary element analysis of an elastic half-plane containing nano-inhomogeneities, Journal of Materials Science 73 (2013) 33-40.
  21. D. Mindlin, Force at a point in the interior of a semi-infinite solid, Journal of Physics, 7 (1936) 195-202.
  22. John, J.R. Cheatham, The Use of Boussinesq-Papkovitch Stress Functions To Determine The Stresses Around The Bottom of a Cylindrical Cavity, Houston, Texas, 1960.
  23. E. Weatherburn, Advanced Vector Analysis, 1 ed., Bell’s Mathematical Series, London, 1960.
  24. Cantarella, D. DeTurck, H. Gluck, Vector Calculus and the Topology of Domains in 3-Space, The American Mathematical Monthly, 109 (2002) 409–442.
  25. G. Poulos, E.H. Davis, Elastic Solutions for Soil and Rocks, 1st Ed., John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1974.
  26. Liu, A.E. Jeffers, A geometrically exact isogeometric Kirchhoff plate: Feature‐preserving automatic meshing and C1 rational triangular Bézier spline discretizations, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering, 115 (2018) 395-409.
  27. Liu, A.E. Jeffers, Rational Bézier Triangles for the Analysis of Isogeometric Higher-Order Gradient Damage Models, in: 13th World Congress on Computational Mechanics (WCCM XIII) and 2nd Pan American Congress on Computational Mechanics (PANACM II), New York City, NY, USA, 2018.
  28. Liu, Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines and Rational Bezier Triangles for Isogeometric Analysis of Structural Applications, University of Michigan, 2018.
  29. L. Burden, J.D. Faires, Numerical Analysis, 9 ed., ROOKS/COLE CENGAGE learning, Boston, 2011.
  30. B. Jeffry, Plane Stress and Plane strain in bipolar coordinates, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 221 (1921) 265-293.
  31. Karakouzian, M. Karami, M. Nazari-Sharabian, S. Ahmed, Flow-Induced Stresses and Displacements in Jointed Concrete Pipes Installed by Pipe Jacking Method, Fluids, 4(34) (2019) 1-13.
  32. Parvanova, P. Dineva, Transient response analysis of anisotropic solids with nano-cavities by BEM. ZAMM, Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, 101(4) (2020) 1-19.